Climate Trends From Weather Station Records

Warming by country, the warmest years, days and nights and the new normal, from weather station records in 126 places. Every trend states its interval and the number of stations behind it.

Data as of 2026-10-12. Last revised 12 October 2026 (2026-10-12).

Key Facts

From 1951 to 2025, long-record stations in the world warmed by +0.23 C per decade (+0.42 F) (95 percent interval +0.19 to +0.28 C), from 3,978 stations measured against each station's own 1961-1990 mean.
The latest year in the series for the world, 2025, was +1.45 C against the 1961-1990 mean.
In the world the daily minimum rose faster than the daily maximum, by 0.03 C per decade (the two intervals overlap).
Of 6,472 stations in the world with at least 50 complete years of record, 664 had 2024 as their warmest year.
In the world, the mean annual temperature of 3,416 stations changed by +1.19 C between the 1961-1990 and 2011-2025 periods.
21 of 22 countries with a warming trend have a 95 percent interval wholly above zero.
This section covers 126 places: the world, continents and countries with long station records.
Worldwide, the mean number of days with a daily maximum at or above 30 C (86 F) per year at 2,481 stations rose from 48.5 to 54.6 between the 1960s and the 2010s; the 2020s so far (6 years) average 57.0.
The trend in annual rain is +1.0 percent per decade (95 percent interval +0.6 to +1.5), fitted to 74 years from 1951 to 2024.
Worldwide, the longest run of hot days in a row in the data is 200 days, at Marble Bar Comparison (Australia), from 5 October 1923 to 21 April 1924.
Worldwide, the mean number of days per season with snow on the ground (25 mm or more, 1.0 in) at 2,047 stations fell from 53.7 to 40.1 between the 1960s and the 2020s.
Worldwide, the largest reported one day rise in the daily maximum is 44.4 C (79.9 F), at Entrance (Canada) on 25 February 1957.
Worldwide, the share of stations with a hot and dry summer is shown for each year from 1886 to 2026, for 9,642 stations with at least 20 complete summers in 1961-1990. Each year counts the stations of that set with a complete summer in the year.
A station's climate twins are the three stations at least 100 km away whose 1961-1990 climate is closest to the station's climate over its latest 15 complete years.
7,748 stations with at least 40 complete years and at least 3 suitable neighbours were tested; 4,258 have at least one suspected change (55 percent).

How to Read These Pages

The pages use daily readings from weather stations with long records. Each station is compared with its own 1961-1990 average, so a mountain station and a coastal station can be combined; the stations are then averaged within 5 degree grid cells and the cells weighted by area. The station set in each chart is fixed, so the picture does not change because stations joined or left.

Trends are least squares slopes per decade with a 95 percent interval that allows for year to year persistence. Stations are not spread evenly over the land and the oceans have none, so each page describes the stations it names and not every place in the region. The pages show what the records contain and do not give causes.

Warming

World, against 1961-1990

Annual mean temperature of the long-record stations in the world as a difference from each station's own 1961-1990 mean, 1951 to 2025. 3,978 stations in 356 grid cells of 5 by 5 degrees, area weighted. Years with too little coverage are left blank and the line or columns are not drawn across the gap; the earliest and latest years can rest on fewer of these stations than the middle years. The station set does not change from year to year. Zero line: each station's own 1961-1990 mean.

Annual mean temperature against the 1961-1990 mean, World
Year	Difference from the 1961-1990 mean
1951	-0.06 C
1952	-0.29 C
1953	+0.24 C
1954	-0.15 C
1955	-0.27 C
1956	-0.65 C
1957	-0.03 C
1958	-0.18 C
1959	+0.16 C
1960	-0.23 C
1961	+0.19 C
1962	+0.10 C
1963	+0.01 C
1964	-0.30 C
1965	-0.32 C
1966	-0.38 C
1967	+0.05 C
1968	-0.27 C
1969	-0.65 C
1970	-0.23 C
1971	-0.15 C
1972	-0.22 C
1973	+0.18 C
1974	-0.18 C
1975	+0.25 C
1976	-0.50 C
1977	-0.04 C
1978	-0.14 C
1979	-0.12 C
1980	+0.01 C
1981	+0.42 C
1982	+0.07 C
1983	+0.47 C
1984	-0.13 C
1985	-0.24 C
1986	+0.19 C
1987	-0.08 C
1988	+0.49 C
1989	+0.55 C
1990	+0.83 C
1991	+0.58 C
1992	+0.24 C
1993	+0.18 C
1994	+0.46 C
1995	+0.85 C
1996	+0.16 C
1997	+0.53 C
1998	+0.70 C
1999	+0.59 C
2000	+0.59 C
2001	+0.62 C
2002	+0.87 C
2003	+0.83 C
2004	+0.74 C
2005	+0.98 C
2006	+0.79 C
2007	+1.26 C
2008	+0.86 C
2009	+0.67 C
2010	+0.61 C
2011	+0.82 C
2012	+0.82 C
2013	+0.95 C
2014	+1.06 C
2015	+1.47 C
2016	+1.45 C
2017	+1.38 C
2018	+1.17 C
2019	+1.05 C
2020	+1.26 C
2021	+1.02 C
2022	+1.07 C
2023	+1.35 C
2024	+1.65 C
2025	+1.45 C

From 1951 to 2025, the long-record stations in the world warmed by +0.23 C per decade (+0.42 F) (95 percent interval +0.19 to +0.28 C), from 3,978 stations in 356 grid cells of 5 by 5 degrees, each measured against its own 1961-1990 mean.

The latest year in the series, 2025, was +1.5 C (+2.6 F) against the 1961-1990 mean.

The five warmest years in the series are 2024 (+1.65 C), 2015 (+1.47 C), 2025 (+1.45 C), 2016 (+1.45 C) and 2017 (+1.38 C).

Trend

Warming trend per decade, World
Measure	Trend per decade (C)	95% interval (C)	Years	Stations
Annual mean temperature	+0.23	+0.19 to +0.28	1951 to 2025	3,978

Warmest and coolest years in the series

Warmest and coolest years of the 1961-1990 anomaly series, World
Rank	Warmest year	Difference from mean	Coolest year	Difference from mean
1	2024	+1.65 C	1956	-0.65 C
2	2015	+1.47 C	1969	-0.65 C
3	2025	+1.45 C	1976	-0.50 C
4	2016	+1.45 C	1966	-0.38 C
5	2017	+1.38 C	1965	-0.32 C

3,978 stations in 356 grid cells of 5 by 5 degrees. Each station is compared with its own 1961-1990 mean, so stations at different heights and latitudes can be averaged. Stations are averaged within each grid cell and cells are weighted by the cosine of latitude.

Places

126 with a climate page

Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). Records are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not official NOAA products. (US Government open data (NOAA NCEI)) Data as of 2026-10-12. Trends and counts are computed by this site from daily station records.