Palencia (Observatorio) Weather Records (SPE00120386)

Record envelope, standing records and threshold days for Palencia (Observatorio) (SPE00120386), Spain, with 40 years of record.

Key Facts for Palencia (Observatorio)

Palencia (Observatorio) (SPE00120386) is a weather station in Spain at 42.01 latitude and -4.54 longitude, 750 m (2,461 ft) above sea level.
The station reports from 1951 to 1990, 40 years of record.
1,464 records set at Palencia (Observatorio) still stand.
Records are tracked for prcp: an element needs 30 years of data to be eligible.
Palencia (Observatorio) set a daily record precipitation of 12.0 mm (0.5 in) on 17 October 1988.

About the Station

Location: Spain, 42.01 latitude, -4.54 longitude.
Elevation: 750 m (2,461 ft).
Period of record: 1951 to 1990, 40 years.
Eligible elements: prcp.

Daily Record Envelope and 2026

0 days at or beyond a record

The band shows the record high and record low for each calendar day at Palencia (Observatorio). The lines show the 2026 daily maximum and minimum. 0 days in 2026 matched or passed a record. Temperatures are in degrees Celsius.

Daily record high and record low at Palencia (Observatorio), with 2026 drawn through them
Month	Highest record high	Lowest record low	2026 highest maximum	2026 lowest minimum
Jan	16.0 C (60.8 F)	-14.8 C (5.4 F)	n/a	n/a
Feb	23.6 C (74.5 F)	-10.4 C (13.3 F)	n/a	n/a
Mar	23.0 C (73.4 F)	-5.8 C (21.6 F)	n/a	n/a
Apr	25.4 C (77.7 F)	-4.2 C (24.4 F)	n/a	n/a
May	31.0 C (87.8 F)	-0.2 C (31.6 F)	n/a	n/a
Jun	36.0 C (96.8 F)	2.0 C (35.6 F)	n/a	n/a
Jul	40.0 C (104.0 F)	7.0 C (44.6 F)	n/a	n/a
Aug	36.6 C (97.9 F)	6.4 C (43.5 F)	n/a	n/a
Sep	37.8 C (100.0 F)	2.8 C (37.0 F)	n/a	n/a
Oct	29.6 C (85.3 F)	-2.0 C (28.4 F)	n/a	n/a
Nov	24.0 C (75.2 F)	-6.8 C (19.8 F)	n/a	n/a
Dec	20.2 C (68.4 F)	-8.0 C (17.6 F)	n/a	n/a

Which Years Hold Standing Records

1,464 standing records

1,464 records at Palencia (Observatorio) still stand. 1981 holds the most, with 82.

Standing records at Palencia (Observatorio) by the year they were set
Year set	Standing records
1959	19
1960	42
1961	55
1962	50
1963	43
1964	55
1965	47
1966	44
1967	40
1968	41
1969	44
1970	79
1971	54
1972	50
1973	53
1974	72
1975	63
1976	57
1977	62
1978	63
1979	32
1980	58
1981	82
1982	41
1983	52
1985	45
1986	17
1987	43
1988	45
1990	16

Wettest Day of Each Month

Sep: 46.2 mm (1.8 in)

The wettest day on record for each calendar month at Palencia (Observatorio). The most was 46.2 mm (1.8 in) on 1 September 1978.

Record daily precipitation for each month at Palencia (Observatorio)
Month	Record daily precipitation (mm)	Date
Jan	21.6 mm (0.9 in)	13 January 1977
Feb	21.7 mm (0.9 in)	23 February 1964
Mar	18.9 mm (0.7 in)	2 March 1962
Apr	19.1 mm (0.8 in)	22 April 1956
May	26.1 mm (1.0 in)	12 May 1980
Jun	35.6 mm (1.4 in)	13 June 1956
Jul	27.1 mm (1.1 in)	2 July 1961
Aug	44.2 mm (1.7 in)	12 August 1955
Sep	46.2 mm (1.8 in)	1 September 1978
Oct	37.6 mm (1.5 in)	3 October 1966
Nov	37.7 mm (1.5 in)	4 November 1951
Dec	20.8 mm (0.8 in)	26 December 1965

Period of Record Coverage

1959 to 1990

30 years of record at Palencia (Observatorio), 1959 to 1990. 6 years have data for under 90 percent of days and are left out of rankings: 1960, 1965, 1983, 1985, 1987, 1990.

Days with data per year at Palencia (Observatorio)
Year	Days with data	Share of year	Complete
1959	331	91%	Yes
1960	296	81%	No
1961	360	99%	Yes
1962	365	100%	Yes
1963	365	100%	Yes
1964	365	100%	Yes
1965	305	84%	No
1966	365	100%	Yes
1967	359	98%	Yes
1968	359	98%	Yes
1969	352	96%	Yes
1970	360	99%	Yes
1971	360	99%	Yes
1972	363	99%	Yes
1973	358	98%	Yes
1974	362	99%	Yes
1975	364	100%	Yes
1976	365	100%	Yes
1977	363	99%	Yes
1978	365	100%	Yes
1979	364	100%	Yes
1980	366	100%	Yes
1981	365	100%	Yes
1982	365	100%	Yes
1983	181	50%	No
1985	205	56%	No
1986	329	90%	Yes
1987	180	49%	No
1988	365	100%	Yes
1990	31	8%	No

Latest Records

Latest records at Palencia (Observatorio)
Date	Station	Record	Value	Beat old record by	Old record stood	Significance
17 October 1988	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	12.0 mm (0.5 in)	2.2 mm (0.09 in)	11 years	10 of 100 (Routine)
2 August 1988	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	10.0 mm (0.4 in)	3.0 mm (0.12 in)	18 years	13 of 100 (Routine)
5 July 1988	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	19.0 mm (0.7 in)	7.7 mm (0.30 in)	14 years	20 of 100 (Routine)
24 June 1988	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	15.5 mm (0.6 in)	9.8 mm (0.39 in)	14 years	20 of 100 (Routine)
22 June 1988	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	16.0 mm (0.6 in)	2.2 mm (0.09 in)	37 years	17 of 100 (Routine)
15 June 1988	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	8.0 mm (0.31 in)	3.8 mm (0.15 in)	13 years	11 of 100 (Routine)
15 May 1988	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	12.3 mm (0.5 in)	4.6 mm (0.18 in)	3 years	14 of 100 (Routine)
9 May 1988	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	10.4 mm (0.4 in)	2.2 mm (0.09 in)	18 years	13 of 100 (Routine)
6 May 1988	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	3.5 mm (0.14 in)	1.1 mm (0.04 in)	18 years	10 of 100 (Routine)
26 April 1988	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	8.9 mm (0.35 in)	0.4 mm (0.02 in)	5 years	5 of 100 (Routine)
4 April 1988	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	11.0 mm (0.4 in)	1.4 mm (0.06 in)	20 years	13 of 100 (Routine)
14 December 1987	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	13.0 mm (0.5 in)	1.4 mm (0.06 in)	32 years	15 of 100 (Routine)
4 December 1987	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	5.0 mm (0.20 in)	0.2 mm (0.01 in)	24 years	10 of 100 (Routine)
27 September 1987	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	8.0 mm (0.31 in)	6.1 mm (0.24 in)	20 years	17 of 100 (Routine)
9 March 1987	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain (Tie)	4.3 mm (0.17 in)	tie	26 years	2 of 100 (Routine)
11 February 1987	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	5.6 mm (0.22 in)	1.8 mm (0.07 in)	15 years	12 of 100 (Routine)
25 October 1986	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	11.0 mm (0.4 in)	7.5 mm (0.30 in)	7 years	18 of 100 (Routine)
16 September 1986	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	36.7 mm (1.4 in)	33.1 mm (1.3 in)	27 years	51 of 100 (Notable)
12 September 1986	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	20.0 mm (0.8 in)	2.7 mm (0.11 in)	9 years	8 of 100 (Routine)
19 May 1986	Palencia (Observatorio), ES	daily rain	8.6 mm (0.34 in)	1.2 mm (0.05 in)	12 years	9 of 100 (Routine)

Climate Trend

22 complete years, 1961 to 1988

One stripe for each of 22 complete years at Palencia (Observatorio), 1961 to 1988. Blue stripes are years cooler than the station's own mean of 11.7 C (53.0 F); red stripes are warmer. The coolest year was 1972, at 11.0 C (51.8 F), and the warmest was 1981, at 12.6 C (54.7 F). The strongest colour marks a difference of 1.0 C (1.8 F).

Annual mean temperature at Palencia (Observatorio) as warming stripes, 1961 to 1988
Year	Annual mean temperature	Difference from the station mean
1961	12.5 C	+0.89 C
1962	11.3 C	-0.35 C
1963	11.1 C	-0.60 C
1964	11.7 C	+0.04 C
1966	11.9 C	+0.28 C
1967	11.7 C	+0.03 C
1968	11.8 C	+0.17 C
1969	11.4 C	-0.24 C
1970	12.0 C	+0.35 C
1971	11.3 C	-0.32 C
1972	11.0 C	-0.65 C
1973	11.2 C	-0.48 C
1974	11.0 C	-0.62 C
1975	11.2 C	-0.48 C
1976	11.8 C	+0.15 C
1977	11.4 C	-0.27 C
1978	11.7 C	+0.04 C
1979	11.9 C	+0.21 C
1980	11.8 C	+0.15 C
1981	12.6 C	+0.94 C
1982	12.2 C	+0.54 C
1988	11.9 C	+0.29 C

This station does not have enough complete years (30 are needed) to fit a temperature trend.

A year is complete when all 12 months have at least 20 days of both daily maximum and daily minimum readings. The annual mean is the mean of the monthly means. The trend describes this one station over this period; it does not say what caused the change.

Extremes by Year

1951 to 1990

Yearly extremes at Palencia (Observatorio): the record and the median year
Measure	Record	Year of the record	Median year	Years with a value
Hottest day (TXx)	40.0 C (104.0 F)	1990	34.8 C (94.6 F)	30
Coldest night (TNn)	-14.8 C (5.4 F)	1971	-5.7 C (21.7 F)	30
Wettest day (Rx1day)	46.2 mm (1.8 in)	1978	22.7 mm (0.9 in)	37
Wettest five days (Rx5day)	97.7 mm (3.8 in)	1951	39.8 mm (1.6 in)	37
Longest dry spell (CDD)	56 days	1956	30 days	37

Hottest day (TXx)

The hottest day of the year at Palencia (Observatorio), 1951 to 1990. The record is 40.0 C (104.0 F) in 1990, marked on the chart; the median year is 34.8 C (94.6 F).

Hottest day (TXx) at Palencia (Observatorio) by year
Year	Hottest day (TXx)
1951	n/a
1952	n/a
1953	n/a
1954	n/a
1955	n/a
1956	n/a
1957	n/a
1958	n/a
1959	34.8 C (94.6 F)
1960	34.0 C (93.2 F)
1961	33.2 C (91.8 F)
1962	32.8 C (91.0 F)
1963	33.4 C (92.1 F)
1964	33.4 C (92.1 F)
1965	33.2 C (91.8 F)
1966	34.8 C (94.6 F)
1967	33.8 C (92.8 F)
1968	36.0 C (96.8 F)
1969	36.0 C (96.8 F)
1970	35.0 C (95.0 F)
1971	34.6 C (94.3 F)
1972	33.2 C (91.8 F)
1973	34.0 C (93.2 F)
1974	35.0 C (95.0 F)
1975	34.8 C (94.6 F)
1976	36.6 C (97.9 F)
1977	32.6 C (90.7 F)
1978	35.0 C (95.0 F)
1979	35.4 C (95.7 F)
1980	35.4 C (95.7 F)
1981	38.4 C (101.1 F)
1982	37.8 C (100.0 F)
1983	31.4 C (88.5 F)
1985	36.4 C (97.5 F)
1986	33.6 C (92.5 F)
1987	34.5 C (94.1 F)
1988	37.8 C (100.0 F)
1990	40.0 C (104.0 F)

Coldest night (TNn)

The coldest night of the year at Palencia (Observatorio), 1951 to 1990. The record is -14.8 C (5.4 F) in 1971, marked on the chart; the median year is -5.7 C (21.7 F).

Coldest night (TNn) at Palencia (Observatorio) by year
Year	Coldest night (TNn)
1951	n/a
1952	n/a
1953	n/a
1954	n/a
1955	n/a
1956	n/a
1957	n/a
1958	n/a
1959	-4.2 C (24.4 F)
1960	-6.6 C (20.1 F)
1961	-5.6 C (21.9 F)
1962	-7.8 C (18.0 F)
1963	-7.6 C (18.3 F)
1964	-4.6 C (23.7 F)
1965	-5.0 C (23.0 F)
1966	-3.2 C (26.2 F)
1967	-4.6 C (23.7 F)
1968	-4.4 C (24.1 F)
1969	-5.2 C (22.6 F)
1970	-6.8 C (19.8 F)
1971	-14.8 C (5.4 F)
1972	-8.4 C (16.9 F)
1973	-5.6 C (21.9 F)
1974	-5.8 C (21.6 F)
1975	-7.4 C (18.7 F)
1976	-7.0 C (19.4 F)
1977	-4.0 C (24.8 F)
1978	-8.0 C (17.6 F)
1979	-4.0 C (24.8 F)
1980	-6.2 C (20.8 F)
1981	-6.2 C (20.8 F)
1982	-3.0 C (26.6 F)
1983	-10.4 C (13.3 F)
1985	-5.6 C (21.9 F)
1986	-8.0 C (17.6 F)
1987	-5.2 C (22.6 F)
1988	-6.8 C (19.8 F)
1990	10.0 C (50.0 F)

Wettest day (Rx1day)

The wettest day of the year at Palencia (Observatorio), 1951 to 1990. The record is 46.2 mm (1.8 in) in 1978, marked on the chart; the median year is 22.7 mm (0.9 in).

Wettest day (Rx1day) at Palencia (Observatorio) by year
Year	Wettest day (Rx1day)
1951	37.7 mm (1.5 in)
1952	22.2 mm (0.9 in)
1953	21.2 mm (0.8 in)
1954	22.3 mm (0.9 in)
1955	44.2 mm (1.7 in)
1956	35.6 mm (1.4 in)
1957	12.0 mm (0.5 in)
1958	35.2 mm (1.4 in)
1959	33.6 mm (1.3 in)
1960	35.4 mm (1.4 in)
1961	31.5 mm (1.2 in)
1962	18.9 mm (0.7 in)
1963	22.7 mm (0.9 in)
1964	21.7 mm (0.9 in)
1965	26.7 mm (1.1 in)
1966	37.6 mm (1.5 in)
1967	18.5 mm (0.7 in)
1968	13.8 mm (0.5 in)
1969	30.4 mm (1.2 in)
1970	25.7 mm (1.0 in)
1971	25.2 mm (1.0 in)
1972	25.0 mm (1.0 in)
1973	17.8 mm (0.7 in)
1974	22.4 mm (0.9 in)
1975	18.1 mm (0.7 in)
1976	17.3 mm (0.7 in)
1977	25.7 mm (1.0 in)
1978	46.2 mm (1.8 in)
1979	15.2 mm (0.6 in)
1980	26.1 mm (1.0 in)
1981	18.8 mm (0.7 in)
1982	26.3 mm (1.0 in)
1983	15.0 mm (0.6 in)
1985	11.6 mm (0.5 in)
1986	36.7 mm (1.4 in)
1987	15.0 mm (0.6 in)
1988	21.0 mm (0.8 in)
1990	n/a

Wettest five days (Rx5day)

The wettest five days of the year at Palencia (Observatorio), 1951 to 1990. The record is 97.7 mm (3.8 in) in 1951, marked on the chart; the median year is 39.8 mm (1.6 in).

Wettest five days (Rx5day) at Palencia (Observatorio) by year
Year	Wettest five days (Rx5day)
1951	97.7 mm (3.8 in)
1952	32.3 mm (1.3 in)
1953	59.2 mm (2.3 in)
1954	27.7 mm (1.1 in)
1955	47.8 mm (1.9 in)
1956	35.6 mm (1.4 in)
1957	34.3 mm (1.4 in)
1958	37.7 mm (1.5 in)
1959	50.2 mm (2.0 in)
1960	81.3 mm (3.2 in)
1961	43.7 mm (1.7 in)
1962	49.1 mm (1.9 in)
1963	55.2 mm (2.2 in)
1964	32.7 mm (1.3 in)
1965	39.6 mm (1.6 in)
1966	66.4 mm (2.6 in)
1967	31.8 mm (1.3 in)
1968	30.5 mm (1.2 in)
1969	64.6 mm (2.5 in)
1970	36.7 mm (1.4 in)
1971	34.8 mm (1.4 in)
1972	67.7 mm (2.7 in)
1973	44.6 mm (1.8 in)
1974	51.5 mm (2.0 in)
1975	24.6 mm (1.0 in)
1976	34.2 mm (1.3 in)
1977	49.3 mm (1.9 in)
1978	50.1 mm (2.0 in)
1979	39.8 mm (1.6 in)
1980	39.5 mm (1.6 in)
1981	42.0 mm (1.7 in)
1982	38.7 mm (1.5 in)
1983	35.5 mm (1.4 in)
1985	26.6 mm (1.0 in)
1986	58.3 mm (2.3 in)
1987	39.1 mm (1.5 in)
1988	42.0 mm (1.7 in)
1990	n/a

Longest dry spell (CDD)

The longest dry spell of the year at Palencia (Observatorio), 1951 to 1990. The record is 56 days in 1956, marked on the chart; the median year is 30 days.

Longest dry spell (CDD) at Palencia (Observatorio) by year
Year	Longest dry spell (CDD)
1951	31 days
1952	27 days
1953	54 days
1954	34 days
1955	18 days
1956	56 days
1957	29 days
1958	31 days
1959	28 days
1960	31 days
1961	32 days
1962	50 days
1963	50 days
1964	44 days
1965	47 days
1966	31 days
1967	24 days
1968	25 days
1969	22 days
1970	28 days
1971	26 days
1972	21 days
1973	43 days
1974	30 days
1975	25 days
1976	27 days
1977	24 days
1978	41 days
1979	22 days
1980	31 days
1981	35 days
1982	46 days
1983	26 days
1985	28 days
1986	27 days
1987	23 days
1988	37 days
1990	n/a

Each chart shows one value per year; the dot marks the record year. TXx is the hottest daily maximum, TNn the coldest daily minimum, Rx1day and Rx5day the largest one-day and five-day rain totals, and CDD the longest run of days with less than 1 mm of rain. A year with missing days can understate an extreme.

Frost Dates and Growing Season

22 years with a frost

Across 22 years with a frost, the median last spring frost at Palencia (Observatorio) falls on 9 April and the median first autumn frost on 18 November, which leaves a median of 221 days between them.

Frost dates and growing season at Palencia (Observatorio)
Measure	Median, all years	Earliest period	Recent period (1961 to 1988)	Recent against earliest	Fitted trend
Last spring frost	9 April	n/a	9 April	n/a	n/a
First autumn frost	18 November	n/a	18 November	n/a	n/a
Growing days	221 days	n/a	221 days	n/a	n/a

A frost day is a day with a daily minimum at or below 0 C (32 F). The last spring frost and the first autumn frost are the last and first such days of the cold season, and growing days are the days between them. A negative trend for the last spring frost means it comes earlier.

Rainfall Return Levels

32 years, 1951 to 1988

A day with at least 24.3 mm (1.0 in) of rain is expected about once in 2 years. A day with at least 54.0 mm (2.1 in) of rain is expected about once in 100 years.

Rainfall return levels at Palencia (Observatorio): the daily rain expected about once in a given number of years
Expected about once in	A day with at least	Note
2 years	24.3 mm (1.0 in)
5 years	32.3 mm (1.3 in)
10 years	37.6 mm (1.5 in)
25 years	44.2 mm (1.7 in)
50 years	49.2 mm (1.9 in)	Longer than the 32 years of record
100 years	54.0 mm (2.1 in)	Longer than the 32 years of record

The levels come from a generalised extreme value (GEV) distribution fitted by L-moments to the wettest-day total of each year, 32 years of values from 1951 to 1988.

A return level is an estimate. It is least reliable for the long periods, 50 and 100 years, and for any period longer than the record behind the fit, where the fit has to reach past the largest day actually observed. It is not a forecast.

The largest wettest-day totals in the fit: 46.2 mm (1.8 in) in 1978; 44.2 mm (1.7 in) in 1955; 37.7 mm (1.5 in) in 1951.

Download the Data

Data for Palencia (Observatorio) standing records by year: CSV or JSON. Field meanings are on the data page.
Data for Palencia (Observatorio) threshold days by year: CSV or JSON. Field meanings are on the data page.

Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). Records are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not official NOAA products. (US Government open data (NOAA NCEI)) Data as of 2026-10-17 (17 October 2026). Records are computed by this site and are not official.

Data as of 2025-12-31. Last revised 31 December 2025 (2025-12-31).