Built 2026-10-19 (19 October 2026)

Shaki Weather Records (AJ000037661)

Record envelope, standing records and threshold days for Shaki (AJ000037661), Azerbaijan, with 82 years of record.

Key Facts for Shaki

  • Shaki (AJ000037661) is a weather station in Azerbaijan at 41.22 latitude and 47.17 longitude, 641 m (2,103 ft) above sea level.
  • The station reports from 1936 to 2017, 82 years of record.
  • 1,432 records set at Shaki still stand.
  • Records are tracked for prcp: an element needs 30 years of data to be eligible.
  • Shaki set a daily record precipitation of 19.1 mm (0.8 in) on 15 January 2016.

About the Station

  • Location: Azerbaijan, 41.22 latitude, 47.17 longitude.
  • Elevation: 641 m (2,103 ft).
  • Period of record: 1936 to 2017, 82 years.
  • Eligible elements: prcp.

Daily Record Envelope and 2026

0 days at or beyond a record
Daily record high and record low at Shaki, with 2026 drawn through them The band shows the record high and record low for each calendar day at Shaki. The lines show the 2026 daily maximum and minimum. 0 days in 2026 matched or passed a record. Temperatures are in degrees Celsius. -2002040 JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
The band shows the record high and record low for each calendar day at Shaki. The lines show the 2026 daily maximum and minimum. 0 days in 2026 matched or passed a record. Temperatures are in degrees Celsius.
Daily record high and record low at Shaki, with 2026 drawn through them
MonthHighest record highLowest record low2026 highest maximum2026 lowest minimum
Jan20.6 C (69.1 F)-10.9 C (12.4 F)n/an/a
Feb22.0 C (71.6 F)-19.0 C (-2.2 F)n/an/a
Mar27.1 C (80.8 F)-10.0 C (14.0 F)n/an/a
Apr29.5 C (85.1 F)-0.5 C (31.1 F)n/an/a
May34.4 C (93.9 F)5.0 C (41.0 F)n/an/a
Jun37.2 C (99.0 F)8.0 C (46.4 F)n/an/a
Jul37.5 C (99.5 F)11.8 C (53.2 F)n/an/a
Aug39.5 C (103.1 F)10.7 C (51.3 F)n/an/a
Sep33.9 C (93.0 F)7.2 C (45.0 F)n/an/a
Oct29.5 C (85.1 F)-2.0 C (28.4 F)n/an/a
Nov24.1 C (75.4 F)-4.0 C (24.8 F)n/an/a
Dec20.9 C (69.6 F)-11.0 C (12.2 F)n/an/a

Which Years Hold Standing Records

1,432 standing records
Standing records at Shaki by the year they were set 1,432 records at Shaki still stand. 1979 holds the most, with 100. 02550751001959: 171960: 231961: 11973: 271974: 101975: 631976: 721977: 591978: 511979: 1001980: 471981: 561982: 261984: 121985: 491986: 241987: 631988: 71989: 531990: 971991: 852007: 332008: 392009: 22010: 302011: 542012: 672013: 442014: 692015: 662016: 682017: 1819591974197819821987199120102014
1,432 records at Shaki still stand. 1979 holds the most, with 100.
Standing records at Shaki by the year they were set
Year setStanding records
195917
196023
19611
197327
197410
197563
197672
197759
197851
1979100
198047
198156
198226
198412
198549
198624
198763
19887
198953
199097
199185
200733
200839
20092
201030
201154
201267
201344
201469
201566
201668
201718

All-Time Record Progression

2 new records
When Shaki set new all-time records 2 all-time records were set at Shaki between 25 August 1970 and 17 August 1989. Each dot is a new record. Record daily precipitation25 August 1970: Record daily precipitation 91.8 mm (3.6 in)17 August 1989: Record daily precipitation 93.6 mm (3.7 in)19701975198019851990
2 all-time records were set at Shaki between 25 August 1970 and 17 August 1989. Each dot is a new record.
When Shaki set new all-time records
DateKindDetail
1970-08-25Record daily precipitationRecord daily precipitation 91.8 mm (3.6 in)
1989-08-17Record daily precipitationRecord daily precipitation 93.6 mm (3.7 in)

Wettest Day of Each Month

Aug: 93.6 mm (3.7 in)
Record daily precipitation for each month at Shaki The wettest day on record for each calendar month at Shaki. The most was 93.6 mm (3.7 in) on 17 August 1989. 0255075100 Jan: 37.2 mm (1.5 in), 14 January 1941 Jan Feb: 37.3 mm (1.5 in), 24 February 1967 Feb Mar: 31.2 mm (1.2 in), 21 March 1988 Mar Apr: 69.5 mm (2.7 in), 28 April 1982 Apr May: 71.8 mm (2.8 in), 1 May 1988 May Jun: 89.7 mm (3.5 in), 28 June 1944 Jun Jul: 86.1 mm (3.4 in), 29 July 1954 Jul Aug: 93.6 mm (3.7 in), 17 August 1989 Aug Sep: 76.8 mm (3.0 in), 23 September 1951 Sep Oct: 69.5 mm (2.7 in), 18 October 1984 Oct Nov: 81.5 mm (3.2 in), 26 November 1974 Nov Dec: 46.5 mm (1.8 in), 1 December 1989 Dec
The wettest day on record for each calendar month at Shaki. The most was 93.6 mm (3.7 in) on 17 August 1989.
Record daily precipitation for each month at Shaki
MonthRecord daily precipitation (mm)Date
Jan37.2 mm (1.5 in)14 January 1941
Feb37.3 mm (1.5 in)24 February 1967
Mar31.2 mm (1.2 in)21 March 1988
Apr69.5 mm (2.7 in)28 April 1982
May71.8 mm (2.8 in)1 May 1988
Jun89.7 mm (3.5 in)28 June 1944
Jul86.1 mm (3.4 in)29 July 1954
Aug93.6 mm (3.7 in)17 August 1989
Sep76.8 mm (3.0 in)23 September 1951
Oct69.5 mm (2.7 in)18 October 1984
Nov81.5 mm (3.2 in)26 November 1974
Dec46.5 mm (1.8 in)1 December 1989

Period of Record Coverage

1959 to 2017
Days with data per year at Shaki 33 years of record at Shaki, 1959 to 2017. 32 years have data for under 90 percent of days and are left out of rankings: 1959, 1960, 1961, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977 and others. 1959: 25 of 365 days1960: 23 of 366 days1961: 8 of 365 days1973: 26 of 365 days1974: 13 of 365 days1975: 66 of 365 days1976: 82 of 366 days1977: 86 of 365 days1978: 73 of 365 days1979: 84 of 365 days1980: 43 of 366 days1981: 68 of 365 days1982: 17 of 365 days1983: 1 of 365 days1984: 17 of 366 days1985: 50 of 365 days1986: 25 of 365 days1987: 34 of 365 days1988: 9 of 366 days1989: 59 of 365 days1990: 100 of 365 days1991: 117 of 365 days2007: 178 of 365 days2008: 216 of 366 days2009: 33 of 365 days2010: 76 of 365 days2011: 269 of 365 days2012: 242 of 366 days2013: 224 of 365 days2014: 301 of 365 days2015: 331 of 365 days2016: 305 of 366 days2017: 122 of 365 days1960197519801985199020102015
33 years of record at Shaki, 1959 to 2017. 32 years have data for under 90 percent of days and are left out of rankings: 1959, 1960, 1961, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977 and others.
Days with data per year at Shaki
YearDays with dataShare of yearComplete
1959257%No
1960236%No
196182%No
1973267%No
1974134%No
19756618%No
19768222%No
19778624%No
19787320%No
19798423%No
19804312%No
19816819%No
1982175%No
198310%No
1984175%No
19855014%No
1986257%No
1987349%No
198892%No
19895916%No
199010027%No
199111732%No
200717849%No
200821659%No
2009339%No
20107621%No
201126974%No
201224266%No
201322461%No
201430182%No
201533191%Yes
201630583%No
201712233%No

Latest Records

20
Latest records at Shaki
DateStationRecordValueBeat old record byOld record stoodSignificance
15 January 2016Shaki, AZdaily rain19.1 mm (0.8 in)1.8 mm (0.07 in)42 years20 of 100 (Routine)
8 November 2007Shaki, AZdaily rain42.9 mm (1.7 in)11.3 mm (0.4 in)50 years34 of 100 (Routine)
8 February 1992Shaki, AZdaily rain29.1 mm (1.1 in)19.1 mm (0.8 in)22 years49 of 100 (Notable)
5 December 1991Shaki, AZdaily rain4.3 mm (0.17 in)1.9 mm (0.07 in)0 years8 of 100 (Routine)
15 November 1991Shaki, AZdaily rain11.9 mm (0.5 in)1.4 mm (0.06 in)49 years20 of 100 (Routine)
2 November 1991Shaki, AZdaily rain18.2 mm (0.7 in)2.2 mm (0.09 in)12 years10 of 100 (Routine)
9 July 1991Shaki, AZdaily rain53.9 mm (2.1 in)20.8 mm (0.8 in)2 years21 of 100 (Routine)
14 June 1991Shaki, AZdaily rain20.0 mm (0.8 in)1.5 mm (0.06 in)37 years17 of 100 (Routine)
22 May 1991Shaki, AZdaily rain54.1 mm (2.1 in)20.3 mm (0.8 in)5 years24 of 100 (Routine)
9 March 1991Shaki, AZdaily rain11.0 mm (0.4 in)2.0 mm (0.08 in)20 years14 of 100 (Routine)
21 February 1991Shaki, AZdaily rain17.0 mm (0.7 in)0.6 mm (0.02 in)28 years14 of 100 (Routine)
23 January 1991Shaki, AZdaily rain29.0 mm (1.1 in)13.6 mm (0.5 in)0 years34 of 100 (Routine)
19 December 1990Shaki, AZdaily rain19.7 mm (0.8 in)7.5 mm (0.30 in)17 years20 of 100 (Routine)
5 December 1990Shaki, AZdaily rain2.4 mm (0.09 in)0.1 mm (0.00 in)20 years11 of 100 (Routine)
26 October 1990Shaki, AZdaily rain27.0 mm (1.1 in)7.6 mm (0.30 in)53 years27 of 100 (Routine)
14 July 1990Shaki, AZdaily rain40.2 mm (1.6 in)27.6 mm (1.1 in)27 years35 of 100 (Notable)
13 May 1990Shaki, AZdaily rain45.2 mm (1.8 in)22.3 mm (0.9 in)45 years38 of 100 (Notable)
29 April 1990Shaki, AZdaily rain40.8 mm (1.6 in)22.2 mm (0.9 in)4 years33 of 100 (Routine)
22 April 1990Shaki, AZdaily rain41.0 mm (1.6 in)8.3 mm (0.33 in)15 years19 of 100 (Routine)
30 March 1990Shaki, AZdaily rain16.6 mm (0.7 in)1.9 mm (0.07 in)35 years18 of 100 (Routine)

Extremes by Year

1936 to 2017
Yearly extremes at Shaki: the record and the median year
MeasureRecordYear of the recordMedian yearYears with a value
Hottest day (TXx)39.5 C (103.1 F)201434.0 C (93.2 F)33
Coldest night (TNn)-19.0 C (-2.2 F)1976-6.3 C (20.7 F)25
Wettest day (Rx1day)93.6 mm (3.7 in)198953.4 mm (2.1 in)65
Wettest five days (Rx5day)153.0 mm (6.0 in)198986.1 mm (3.4 in)57
Longest dry spell (CDD)45 days197824 days63

Hottest day (TXx)

Hottest day (TXx) at Shaki by year The hottest day of the year at Shaki, 1936 to 2017. The record is 39.5 C (103.1 F) in 2014, marked on the chart; the median year is 34.0 C (93.2 F). 0102030401940196019802000Record: 39.5 C (103.1 F) in 2014
The hottest day of the year at Shaki, 1936 to 2017. The record is 39.5 C (103.1 F) in 2014, marked on the chart; the median year is 34.0 C (93.2 F).
Hottest day (TXx) at Shaki by year
YearHottest day (TXx)
1936n/a
1937n/a
1938n/a
1939n/a
1940n/a
1941n/a
1942n/a
1943n/a
1944n/a
1945n/a
1946n/a
1947n/a
1948n/a
1949n/a
1950n/a
1951n/a
1952n/a
1953n/a
1954n/a
1955n/a
1956n/a
1957n/a
1958n/a
195916.1 C (61.0 F)
196027.8 C (82.0 F)
196132.8 C (91.0 F)
1962n/a
1963n/a
1964n/a
1965n/a
1966n/a
1967n/a
1968n/a
1969n/a
1970n/a
1971n/a
1972n/a
197330.0 C (86.0 F)
197424.0 C (75.2 F)
197534.0 C (93.2 F)
197635.0 C (95.0 F)
197735.0 C (95.0 F)
197832.0 C (89.6 F)
197934.0 C (93.2 F)
198035.0 C (95.0 F)
198132.0 C (89.6 F)
198227.0 C (80.6 F)
19838.1 C (46.6 F)
198421.5 C (70.7 F)
198533.1 C (91.6 F)
198634.4 C (93.9 F)
198735.0 C (95.0 F)
198813.6 C (56.5 F)
198933.5 C (92.3 F)
199032.0 C (89.6 F)
199136.0 C (96.8 F)
1992n/a
200735.2 C (95.4 F)
200835.5 C (95.9 F)
200926.1 C (79.0 F)
201035.0 C (95.0 F)
201138.0 C (100.4 F)
201237.2 C (99.0 F)
201334.2 C (93.6 F)
201439.5 C (103.1 F)
201538.5 C (101.3 F)
201636.7 C (98.1 F)
201729.8 C (85.6 F)

Coldest night (TNn)

Coldest night (TNn) at Shaki by year The coldest night of the year at Shaki, 1936 to 2017. The record is -19.0 C (-2.2 F) in 1976, marked on the chart; the median year is -6.3 C (20.7 F). -20-10010201940196019802000Record: -19.0 C (-2.2 F) in 1976
The coldest night of the year at Shaki, 1936 to 2017. The record is -19.0 C (-2.2 F) in 1976, marked on the chart; the median year is -6.3 C (20.7 F).
Coldest night (TNn) at Shaki by year
YearColdest night (TNn)
1936n/a
1937n/a
1938n/a
1939n/a
1940n/a
1941n/a
1942n/a
1943n/a
1944n/a
1945n/a
1946n/a
1947n/a
1948n/a
1949n/a
1950n/a
1951n/a
1952n/a
1953n/a
1954n/a
1955n/a
1956n/a
1957n/a
1958n/a
1959-3.9 C (25.0 F)
1960-10.0 C (14.0 F)
19610.0 C (32.0 F)
1962n/a
1963n/a
1964n/a
1965n/a
1966n/a
1967n/a
1968n/a
1969n/a
1970n/a
1971n/a
1972n/a
1973-4.0 C (24.8 F)
1974-7.0 C (19.4 F)
1975-11.0 C (12.2 F)
1976-19.0 C (-2.2 F)
1977-6.0 C (21.2 F)
1978-4.0 C (24.8 F)
1979-8.0 C (17.6 F)
1980-11.0 C (12.2 F)
1981-4.0 C (24.8 F)
1982-3.6 C (25.5 F)
1983-2.9 C (26.8 F)
1984-7.1 C (19.2 F)
1985-9.7 C (14.5 F)
1986-6.3 C (20.7 F)
1987-2.1 C (28.2 F)
1988-7.9 C (17.8 F)
1989-6.9 C (19.6 F)
1990-10.9 C (12.4 F)
1991-9.0 C (15.8 F)
1992n/a
2007n/a
200819.3 C (66.7 F)
2009n/a
2010n/a
201113.8 C (56.8 F)
2012n/a
2013-0.5 C (31.1 F)
2014n/a
2015n/a
2016n/a
2017n/a

Wettest day (Rx1day)

Wettest day (Rx1day) at Shaki by year The wettest day of the year at Shaki, 1936 to 2017. The record is 93.6 mm (3.7 in) in 1989, marked on the chart; the median year is 53.4 mm (2.1 in). 02550751001940196019802000Record: 93.6 mm (3.7 in) in 1989
The wettest day of the year at Shaki, 1936 to 2017. The record is 93.6 mm (3.7 in) in 1989, marked on the chart; the median year is 53.4 mm (2.1 in).
Wettest day (Rx1day) at Shaki by year
YearWettest day (Rx1day)
193634.1 mm (1.3 in)
193740.0 mm (1.6 in)
193848.8 mm (1.9 in)
193959.5 mm (2.3 in)
194048.3 mm (1.9 in)
194169.5 mm (2.7 in)
194250.9 mm (2.0 in)
194347.5 mm (1.9 in)
194489.7 mm (3.5 in)
194552.5 mm (2.1 in)
194657.0 mm (2.2 in)
194768.3 mm (2.7 in)
194860.1 mm (2.4 in)
194940.7 mm (1.6 in)
195049.2 mm (1.9 in)
195176.8 mm (3.0 in)
195240.8 mm (1.6 in)
195328.7 mm (1.1 in)
195486.1 mm (3.4 in)
195573.9 mm (2.9 in)
195642.5 mm (1.7 in)
195767.0 mm (2.6 in)
195839.5 mm (1.6 in)
195934.1 mm (1.3 in)
196067.7 mm (2.7 in)
196138.5 mm (1.5 in)
196253.7 mm (2.1 in)
196355.6 mm (2.2 in)
196451.5 mm (2.0 in)
196573.8 mm (2.9 in)
196639.2 mm (1.5 in)
196764.7 mm (2.5 in)
196868.4 mm (2.7 in)
196964.2 mm (2.5 in)
197091.8 mm (3.6 in)
197142.6 mm (1.7 in)
197287.2 mm (3.4 in)
197358.1 mm (2.3 in)
197481.5 mm (3.2 in)
197560.2 mm (2.4 in)
197673.1 mm (2.9 in)
197754.6 mm (2.1 in)
197846.3 mm (1.8 in)
197969.0 mm (2.7 in)
198053.4 mm (2.1 in)
198147.0 mm (1.9 in)
198281.5 mm (3.2 in)
198346.5 mm (1.8 in)
198471.0 mm (2.8 in)
198533.8 mm (1.3 in)
198636.0 mm (1.4 in)
198761.1 mm (2.4 in)
198871.8 mm (2.8 in)
198993.6 mm (3.7 in)
199055.0 mm (2.2 in)
199154.1 mm (2.1 in)
199229.1 mm (1.1 in)
200742.9 mm (1.7 in)
20080.0 mm (0.00 in)
2009n/a
2010n/a
20110.0 mm (0.00 in)
20120.0 mm (0.00 in)
20130.0 mm (0.00 in)
20140.5 mm (0.02 in)
2015n/a
201619.1 mm (0.8 in)
20175.1 mm (0.20 in)

Wettest five days (Rx5day)

Wettest five days (Rx5day) at Shaki by year The wettest five days of the year at Shaki, 1936 to 2017. The record is 153.0 mm (6.0 in) in 1989, marked on the chart; the median year is 86.1 mm (3.4 in). 0501001502001940196019802000Record: 153.0 mm (6.0 in) in 1989
The wettest five days of the year at Shaki, 1936 to 2017. The record is 153.0 mm (6.0 in) in 1989, marked on the chart; the median year is 86.1 mm (3.4 in).
Wettest five days (Rx5day) at Shaki by year
YearWettest five days (Rx5day)
193674.4 mm (2.9 in)
193764.1 mm (2.5 in)
1938136.5 mm (5.4 in)
193969.7 mm (2.7 in)
194070.9 mm (2.8 in)
194182.3 mm (3.2 in)
1942100.9 mm (4.0 in)
194370.0 mm (2.8 in)
194498.4 mm (3.9 in)
194576.4 mm (3.0 in)
194670.0 mm (2.8 in)
194780.0 mm (3.1 in)
1948112.0 mm (4.4 in)
194956.6 mm (2.2 in)
1950101.7 mm (4.0 in)
1951106.8 mm (4.2 in)
1952107.4 mm (4.2 in)
195349.9 mm (2.0 in)
195486.1 mm (3.4 in)
1955125.8 mm (5.0 in)
1956124.1 mm (4.9 in)
1957100.8 mm (4.0 in)
195852.0 mm (2.0 in)
195972.4 mm (2.9 in)
196072.5 mm (2.9 in)
196168.3 mm (2.7 in)
196298.5 mm (3.9 in)
196397.1 mm (3.8 in)
196473.8 mm (2.9 in)
196578.8 mm (3.1 in)
196651.1 mm (2.0 in)
1967127.3 mm (5.0 in)
1968137.7 mm (5.4 in)
196983.5 mm (3.3 in)
1970102.6 mm (4.0 in)
197151.6 mm (2.0 in)
197296.2 mm (3.8 in)
197397.1 mm (3.8 in)
197489.6 mm (3.5 in)
197578.5 mm (3.1 in)
1976105.8 mm (4.2 in)
197796.1 mm (3.8 in)
197882.9 mm (3.3 in)
1979139.0 mm (5.5 in)
198056.3 mm (2.2 in)
198173.3 mm (2.9 in)
198289.3 mm (3.5 in)
1983104.4 mm (4.1 in)
198499.6 mm (3.9 in)
198548.4 mm (1.9 in)
198669.9 mm (2.8 in)
1987115.5 mm (4.5 in)
198892.2 mm (3.6 in)
1989153.0 mm (6.0 in)
199074.5 mm (2.9 in)
199193.9 mm (3.7 in)
199234.4 mm (1.4 in)
2007n/a
2008n/a
2009n/a
2010n/a
2011n/a
2012n/a
2013n/a
2014n/a
2015n/a
2016n/a
2017n/a

Longest dry spell (CDD)

Longest dry spell (CDD) at Shaki by year The longest dry spell of the year at Shaki, 1936 to 2017. The record is 45 days in 1978, marked on the chart; the median year is 24 days. 02040601940196019802000Record: 45 days in 1978
The longest dry spell of the year at Shaki, 1936 to 2017. The record is 45 days in 1978, marked on the chart; the median year is 24 days.
Longest dry spell (CDD) at Shaki by year
YearLongest dry spell (CDD)
193621 days
193727 days
193828 days
193919 days
194034 days
194144 days
194228 days
194322 days
194424 days
194520 days
194629 days
194718 days
194827 days
194921 days
195038 days
195132 days
195240 days
195316 days
195417 days
195524 days
195623 days
195722 days
195820 days
195917 days
196022 days
196122 days
196221 days
196323 days
196424 days
196532 days
196631 days
196717 days
196822 days
196929 days
197017 days
197135 days
197220 days
197319 days
197433 days
197529 days
197641 days
197727 days
197845 days
197936 days
198035 days
198121 days
198227 days
198327 days
198426 days
198525 days
198625 days
198717 days
198820 days
198931 days
199028 days
199132 days
199215 days
20071 day
20081 day
2009n/a
2010n/a
20111 day
20121 day
20131 day
20141 day
2015n/a
2016n/a
2017n/a

Each chart shows one value per year; the dot marks the record year. TXx is the hottest daily maximum, TNn the coldest daily minimum, Rx1day and Rx5day the largest one-day and five-day rain totals, and CDD the longest run of days with less than 1 mm of rain. A year with missing days can understate an extreme.

Rainfall Return Levels

53 years, 1936 to 1991

A day with at least 57.0 mm (2.2 in) of rain is expected about once in 2 years. A day with at least 101.0 mm (4.0 in) of rain is expected about once in 100 years.

Rainfall return levels at Shaki: the daily rain expected about once in a given number of years
Expected about once inA day with at leastNote
2 years57.0 mm (2.2 in)
5 years71.7 mm (2.8 in)
10 years80.2 mm (3.2 in)
25 years89.5 mm (3.5 in)
50 years95.6 mm (3.8 in)
100 years101.0 mm (4.0 in)Longer than the 53 years of record

The levels come from a generalised extreme value (GEV) distribution fitted by L-moments to the wettest-day total of each year, 53 years of values from 1936 to 1991.

A return level is an estimate. It is least reliable for the long periods, 50 and 100 years, and for any period longer than the record behind the fit, where the fit has to reach past the largest day actually observed. It is not a forecast.

The largest wettest-day totals in the fit: 93.6 mm (3.7 in) in 1989; 91.8 mm (3.6 in) in 1970; 89.7 mm (3.5 in) in 1944.

Download the Data

  • Data for Shaki standing records by year: CSV or JSON. Field meanings are on the data page.
  • Data for Shaki threshold days by year: CSV or JSON. Field meanings are on the data page.

Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). Records are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not official NOAA products. (US Government open data (NOAA NCEI)) Data as of 2026-10-17 (17 October 2026). Records are computed by this site and are not official.

Data as of . Last revised (2025-12-31).